Menopause is a natural biological process that affects every woman. Although it is a transitional stage, it is often associated with a variety of discomforts that can significantly affect quality of life. Understanding this period is key to effectively managing the accompanying symptoms. In this article, we will present the 5 most important things to know about menopause.
1. what is menopause and what are its causes?
Menopause is a period in a woman’s life when menstruation permanently stops. This is caused by the cessation of ovarian function and the accompanying decrease in the level of sex hormones, mainly estrogen and progesterone. The average age of menopause is around 51 years, but this can vary depending on genetic factors, lifestyle and health.
Causes of menopause:
- Age: The most important factor affecting the onset of menopause is age.
- Genetic factors: Heredity plays an important role in determining the age of menopause.
- Hormonal disorders: Some diseases, such as early premature menopause, can be caused by hormonal disorders.
- Treatment: Chemotherapy, radiation therapy and some surgical procedures can accelerate menopause.
2 Symptoms of menopause – how to recognize this period?
Symptoms of menopause vary widely and can occur with varying degrees of severity. The most common complaints are:
- Hot flashes: A sudden feeling of heat that spreads throughout the body, often accompanied by sweating and redness of the skin.
- Sleep disorders: Insomnia, difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep.
- Mood swings: Irritability, depression, anxiety, changes in appetite.
- Vaginal dryness: Can lead to painful sexual intercourse and increased susceptibility to infection.
- Joint and muscle pain: often accompanied by a feeling of stiffness.
- Memory and concentration disorders: Problems with remembering and focusing may occur.
- Heart palpitations: you may feel an irregular heartbeat.
- Loss of bone density: Increases the risk of osteoporosis.
3. menopause diagnosis
The diagnosis of menopause is based on medical history, physical examination and laboratory results. Your doctor may order the following tests:
- Testing of hormone levels: Measurement of serum levels of FSH (follicle-stimulating hormone) and LH (luteinizing hormone).
- Bone densitometry study: Assessment of bone density to detect possible osteoporosis.
4 Menopause treatment – what are the options?
Treatment of menopause is aimed at alleviating annoying symptoms and improving quality of life. Therapy is selected individually by the doctor and may include:
- Hormone replacement therapy (HTZ): Involves the administration of hormones (estrogen, progesterone) to correct their deficiency. HTZ can alleviate many of the symptoms of menopause, but its use is associated with certain risks, so the decision to start therapy should be consulted with a doctor.
- Non-hormonal treatments:
- Behavioral therapy: relaxation techniques, breathing exercises, and yoga can help manage hot flashes and sleep disturbances.
- Pharmacological treatment: Antidepressants, anxiolytics, analgesics can be used in the event of appropriate symptoms.
- Dietary supplements: Vitamin D, calcium, soy isoflavones can support bone health and alleviate some menopause symptoms.
5. prevention and healthy lifestyles
A healthy lifestyle can significantly improve well-being during menopause and reduce the risk of complications. Attention should be paid to:
- Movement: Regular physical activity improves fitness, reduces stress and helps maintain a healthy weight.
- Healthy diet: rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and low in saturated fats and simple sugars.
- Healthy sleep: Sufficient sleep is essential for recovery.
- Stress reduction: Practicing relaxation techniques, such as meditation or yoga, can help reduce tension.
- Regular check-ups: Allow for early detection of possible health problems.
Summary
Menopause is a natural stage in a woman’s life that can be associated with various discomforts. Understanding the process, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are key to improving quality of life during menopause. Working with a doctor and a healthy lifestyle are the best ways to manage menopause symptoms.
Note:
This article is for informational purposes and is not a substitute for consultation with a doctor. If you experience any worrisome symptoms, contact a specialist.
