Constant fatigue is an ailment that is affecting more and more people. One of the often overlooked causes of this condition may be thyroid problems. The thyroid gland, a small gland located in the front of the neck, plays a key role in regulating many processes in the body, including metabolism. Disorders of its function can lead to a number of symptoms, among which fatigue is one of the most characteristic.
The role of the thyroid gland in the body
The thyroid gland produces thyroid hormones that affect:
- Metabolism: Thyroid hormones regulate the rate at which the body converts food into energy.
- Growth and development: Are essential for proper development of the nervous and skeletal systems.
- Body temperature: Affect heat generation.
- Heart function: They regulate the heart.
Hypothyroidism – a major cause of fatigue
The most common disorder of thyroid function is hypothyroidism. It involves a deficiency of thyroid hormones, which leads to a slowdown of all processes in the body. One of the most characteristic symptoms of hypothyroidism is precisely chronic fatigue.
Symptoms of hypothyroidism
In addition to fatigue, other symptoms of hypothyroidism include:
- Mood disorders: depression, apathy, irritability
- Weight gain
- Dry and brittle hair
- Dry, rough and yellowish skin coloration
- Cold intolerance
- Constipation
- Swellings
- Muscle and joint pains
- Slowing of heart rate
- Menstrual disorders in women
- Muscle weakness
Hyperthyroidism – a less obvious cause of fatigue
Although it may seem paradoxical, hyperthyroidism (excess thyroid hormones) can also lead to chronic fatigue. This is because excess thyroid hormones can cause cardiac arrhythmia, insomnia, nervousness and anxiety, resulting in exhaustion.
Symptoms of hyperthyroidism
In addition to fatigue, other symptoms of hyperthyroidism include:
- Weight loss
- Nervousness, irritability
- Insomnia
- Heart palpitations
- Sweating
- Diarrhea
- Trembling hands
- Convexity of the eyeballs
Diagnosis of thyroid problems
If a thyroid problem is suspected, the doctor will order the following tests:
- Blood test: Determination of thyroid hormone levels (TSH, FT3, FT4) and antithyroid antibodies (for autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto’s).
- Thyroid ultrasound: Assessment of the size, shape and structure of the thyroid gland.
- Thyroid scintigraphy: An imaging study that assesses the function of the thyroid gland.
Treatment of thyroid problems
Treatment of thyroid dysfunction depends on the type of condition and its severity.
- Hypothyroidism: Treatment involves the use of thyroid hormones in pill form.
- Hyperthyroidism: Treatment may include the use of drugs that inhibit thyroid hormone production, radioactive iodine or surgery.
Importance of proper diagnosis and treatment
Proper diagnosis and treatment of thyroid problems are extremely important for improving quality of life. Untreated thyroid dysfunction can lead to serious complications, such as heart disease, osteoporosis, fertility disorders and depression.
Prevention
Although thyroid diseases cannot always be prevented, a healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of developing them. The important thing is:
- Healthy diet: rich in iodine, selenium and vitamin D.
- Regular physical activity
- Avoiding stress
- Regular check-ups
Summary
Constant fatigue can have many causes, and one of them may be thyroid problems. If you have doubts about the causes of your fatigue, consult your doctor. Early diagnosis and treatment of thyroid dysfunction are key to improving your quality of life.
Note: The above article is for informational purposes and is not a substitute for consultation with a doctor. If you experience any worrisome symptoms, contact a specialist immediately.
